THE RULES, PROCEDURE, AND
THE CORNELL POLITICAL UNION
CONSTITUTIONAL GUIDELINES OF
Section 1. Name
The official name of this organization is “Cornell Political Union.” Campus Activities and University Relations have approved it. The name follows the Cornell University Policy 4.10 on Student Organization Branding.
Section 2. Acronym
This organization is also called “CPU” and will be the official acronym.
Section 3. Purpose
The purpose of the organization shall be to advance the education of its members and students at Cornell University by organizing addresses, debates, and discourses with distinguished persons on a wide variety of political topics.
Section 4. Goal
The goal of the organization shall be to establish fellowship amongst its members through events that members of the Executive Board shall from time to time decide, provided that these efforts do not interfere with the educational objectives of the Political Union.
Section 5. Motto
(a) The motto of the Cornell Political Union shall be “Humilita praestat scientia.”
(b) The English translation of the motto shall be “With humility comes wisdom.”
(c) The Union’s maxim shall be “Iustitia, Misericordia, Humilitas sub Deo,” a quote from Myron Taylor ’94.
Section 6. Seal
(a) The seal of the Cornell Political Union shall consist of a shield within a circle displaying the name of the Union and its date of establishment surrounded by a laurel wreath. Within the circle, the Union’s maxim, “Iustitia, Misericordia, Humilitas.” The shield is divided in two: on the left seven vertical stripes underneath a blank field, on the right a burning torch on a field of lines. Over both, an open book with five seals reading the Union’s motto: “Humilita praestat scientia.”
(b) This symbol shall be the seal and logo of the Political Union:
ARTICLE I. NAME AND PURPOSE
(c) The seal may be simplified in certain instances to preserve the integrity of the design, specifically if the text will be illegible due to size. In these cases:
a. All other elements of the seal must remain unchanged,
b. The motto may be replaced with horizontal lines,
c. The maxim may be omitted entirely.
(d) The seal may be used in two colors: Dark Red (hex code #951100) and White (hex code #FFFFFF)
ARTICLE II. MEMBERSHIP OF THE POLITICAL UNION
Section 1. Membership Eligibility
(a) The organization shall consist of Undergraduate students of Cornell University who are interested in the purpose of the Cornell Political Union and who shall be approved by the Selection Committee.
(b) Members of registered student organizations must be registered, matriculated full-time students at their respective Cornell University campuses (i.e., Ithaca, Geneva, NYC Tech). Part-time students, non-matriculated students, students on a leave of absence, or students who are abroad may not serve as officers, executive board, and/or voting members of student organizations. It is the responsibility of the Advisor to collaborate with the President to ensure that all officers are full-time students on their campus. If one of your officers has a change in status that will require him or her to step down from their position, please contact the Campus Activities Office. General members may be students, faculty, staff, or community members.
(c) Cornell Political Union complies with Cornell University Policy 6.4 of Prohibited Bias, Discrimination, Harassment, and Sexual and Related Misconduct. This policy is also outlined in the Big Red Guidebook.
(d) There shall be one body of members, and all members shall individually and collectively have and possess each and all of the rights and privileges of members as provided for in and by the Political Union’s bylaws, including the right to vote on debate motions; to attend meetings of members; and to elect officers.
(e) Any person qualified for membership shall be deemed to be a member if all of the following criteria are met:
a. The person has paid membership dues or submitted a check carrying the value of these dues, or is considered a dues-paying member under Art. II Sec. 3;
b. The person has no more than two recorded absences unexcused by the Vice President of Membership in the previous term;
(f) Members who were previously admitted to the Political Union by the Executive Board may be removed at any time should they be persistent in failing to meet the criteria enumerated in Sec. 1 subsection (c).
(g) The Executive Board shall have the right to refuse any membership application by any person eligible to become a member who as a non-member has engaged in unacceptable behavior (including, but not limited to, such conduct that would be an offense under Art. II Sec. 5(a)). If the person has become a member of the Political Union in the intervening period, the Executive Board may, within two weeks of that member’s joining, refund any monies paid by the member and terminate their membership. For the purposes of these rules, such persons shall be deemed to be ex-members, and may only be re-admitted as per Art. II Sec. 6.
(h) Political Union members may remain members until such a time as they transfer or graduate from Cornell University.
Section 2. Recruitment and Selection
(a) In order to preserve the vigor and quality of discourse within the Political Union, to create a strong and diverse community, and to ensure a commitment to its founding values, the Political Union shall maintain a structured recruitment process executed and overseen by the Vice President of Recruitment.
(b) The Vice President of Recruitment, in consultation with the Executive Board, is responsible for designing the recruitment process for each term.
(c) While the precise structure of the recruitment process may change from one year to the next, the process shall always abide by the following goals:
a. Selecting candidates for membership who demonstrate strong character, a commitment to the values of the Political Union, sharp analytical skills, and genuine interest in politics or other relevant fields;
b. Selecting candidates for membership who represent a variety of differing good-faith political perspectives, especially those prominent on campus and in the national discourse;
c. Any other criteria for membership decided by the Vice President of Recruitment and the Executive Board, codified in an official rubric for evaluating candidates for admission to the Political Union.
(d) While properly trained and qualified Political Union members may be called upon to volunteer to help in a wide variety of roles during the recruitment process, final decisions on selection to the Political Union must be made by a pre-established Selection Committee, made up of the Executive Board and no more than 6 other such Political Union members that the Vice President of Recruitment sees fit to appoint with the consent of the Executive Board.
(e) New members in the Political Union shall be selected by the Selection Committee, and only the Selection Committee, once per term. The Selection Committee shall take care to ensure the fair application of the predetermined guidelines of the recruitment process and to limit personal or nonprofessional commentary in any deliberations on new members.
(f) All decisions of the Selection Committee are final and may not be appealed by other members, non-members, or ex-members.
Section 3. Membership Dues
(a) The Executive Board shall set a semesterly membership fee which shall be paid by all active members who are residents in Ithaca. Failure to pay this fee, unless specifically exempt under (c), shall result in a suspension of the member’s entitlement to any and all privileges usually provided to Political Union members until the fee is paid.
(b) Members not resident in or near Ithaca shall not be required to pay membership dues to maintain full privileges in the Political Union.
(c) Additional social fees may be collected if organization members elect to hold more social events. The costs for each event may vary, but will be kept at a minimal value. Only members attending each of these extra social events will be charged.
(d) The Vice President of Finance may, on a predetermined calendar, impose additional standardized fees within the term for members who are delinquent in paying their membership dues, to be paid in addition to the original fee. Political Union members shall be given notice of the schedule and amount of such additional fees, if any.
(e) No refunds shall be made to those who have already paid membership dues, in whole or in part.
(f) Any member or person wishing to become a member of the Political Union shall be given notice of the relevant clauses of this Section.
(g) Statement of Non-Discrimination
a. Cornell Political Union complies with anti-discrimination policies 6.4 of Cornell University, which can be found in the Student Code of Conduct.
b. If a member cannot pay their dues or other costs associated with participating in the organization or social events, that member may consult with the Officers to make other arrangements so they may remain a part of the organization.
c. If members of the organization cannot afford required dues but are interested in participating, the club executive board can vote to waive dues with no additional questions asked.
Section 4. Membership Records
(a) Membership in the Political Union shall be evidenced by a written listing of the official membership roll, which shall always be kept up to date by the Vice President of Membership and open to inspection by any member of the Executive Board upon reasonable request.
(b) No person other than duly elected members of the Political Union’s Executive Board and executive leadership of recognized Caucuses in the course of their official duties, shall be permitted to examine or copy attendance, dues, or other membership records except with the explicit consent of the Executive Board.
(c) The Executive Board shall have the responsibility to issue written notification to members regarding significant changes in their membership status, including selection, withdrawal, suspension, expulsion, and reinstatement.
Section 5. Cessation or Suspension of Membership
(a) The Political Union, through its Vice President of Membership, shall conduct an audit of the member enrollment at least once per term, and with the consent of the Executive Board may dismiss members should they not meet the criteria for membership enumerated in Sec. 1(c).
(b) Deactivation
a. A member may temporarily deactivate from the list of members of the Political Union by notifying the Executive Board in writing, who shall ensure that the member is dutifully set as deactivated. Members may deactivate on a termly basis for no more than two terms, for any reason, and shall not be required to pay membership dues, in whole or in part, during this period; nor shall they be expected to adhere to any attendance requirements typically required of other members.
b. Deactivated members shall not be required to apply for re-instatement under the ex-member process enumerated in Art. II Sec. 6, but rather shall be immediately re-instated to the Political Union when their self-appointed deactivation has expired at the end of the term. Deactivated members who ask to remain in this status for more than two terms, however, may be dismissed at the discretion of the Executive Board and shall then be considered ex-members under Art. II Sec. 6.
(c) Resignation
a. A member may withdraw their name from the list of the members of the Political Union by notifying the Executive Board in writing, who shall ensure that the member’s name is removed from the list of members. No refunds shall be made to those who have already paid membership dues, in whole or in part.
b. A resignation of membership need not be accepted, approved or acknowledged to be effective. Any member who resigns shall, upon delivery of such written resignation to any member of the Executive Board, immediately lose all benefits, rights and privileges provided by the Political Union, and shall be considered an ex-member under Art. II Sec. 6.
(d) Suspension and Expulsion
a. The elected members of the Executive Board of the Political Union may vote to expel any member who commits any of the following violations of behavioral standards, by the Executive Board’s judgment based on the terminological definitions set by the Campus Code of Conduct:
i. Violation of rules and regulations outlined in the Cornell Student Policies and/or Student Code of Conduct;
ii. Failure to uphold the provisions of the constitution and bylaws;
iii. Does not act in the best interests of the organization and/or is engaged in activity jeopardizing the organization's existence;
iv. Sexual harassment;
v. Hazing related to the membership of the Political Union;
vi. Any conduct which threatens, intimidates, alarms or puts another person in fear of their safety;
vii. Acts of discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, gender expression, age, national origin, disability or sexual orientation;
viii. Repeated actions that demonstrate flagrant disrespect for the good-faith views of others or of the value of civil discourse;
ix. Any actions that may present a reasonable concern to the well-being of the members of the Political Union.
b. The Executive Board shall have the authority to call any member to a hearing before the Executive Board to present an explanation or defense for any infractions outlined in subsection a. The Executive Board shall notify the member concerned of specific charges and of the time, place, and nature of the hearing, which shall be scheduled no earlier than three days following the delivery of this notice.
c. Members shall only be suspended or expelled following a hearing and a unanimous vote by the Executive Board or, should the member in question currently serve on the Executive Board, a unanimous vote excluding that member.
d. If a member should be charged with a criminal offense that is liable to bring the Political Union into disrepute, the Executive Board shall have the power to suspend that member at its discretion until the outcome of the full trial of the charges brought. There shall be no appeal against such suspension. If the member should be found guilty of the charge or charges, the Executive Board shall have the power to expel the member permanently.
e. Any member who has been suspended or expelled loses all benefits, rights and privileges provided by the Political Union, and will be barred from attending any and all Political Union events, including those that are designated as public. A suspended member shall remain bound by rules concerning unacceptable behavior outlined in subsection a and shall also be subject to any additional bans or prohibitions that the Executive Board may impose as a condition of the member’s suspension. For the purposes of these rules, members under suspension are considered ex-members, and may only be re-admitted as per Art. II Sec. 6.
Section 6. Reinstatement of Ex-Members
(a) Ex-members shall be defined as members who have resigned from the Political Union under Art. II Sec. 5(c); members who have been suspended from the Political Union under Art. II Sec. 5(d); members who have been dismissed from the organization under Art. II Sec. 1(d); and members whose membership has been withdrawn under Art. II Sec. 1(e). Members who have been expelled from the Political Union shall lose their membership eligibility permanently.
(b) Ex-members wishing to appeal for reinstatement shall submit a written notice to the Executive Board explicitly stating their intent to be reinstated and providing reasons for their reinstatement.
(c) The Executive Board shall consider one appeal for reinstatement per ex-member per term, provided that the appellant has paid all monies due to the Political Union and/or has served the entirety of the suspension imposed by the Executive Board. Ex-members may be readmitted to the Political Union on a unanimous vote of the Executive Board.
(d) Ex-members shall not be required to again undergo the recruitment and selection process outlined in Art. II Sec. 2.
ARTICLE III. STUDENT CODE OF CONDUCT
Section 1. Legislative Requirements
All members must follow local, state, and federal laws, Cornell University rules, and the organization’s constitution at all functions.
Section 2. Policy 6.4
All members will abide by Cornell University Policies, specifically policy 6.4: Prohibited Bias, Discrimination, Harassment, and Sexual and Related Misconduct.
Section 3. Violations
In case of a violation and/or an active University investigation, the following are options (Note: Many University investigations are confidential, and there is no obligation for the University office to share information about a case):
(a) Members involved in an active University investigation may receive a temporary suspension or limited membership as determined by a unanimous decision of the Officers and Advisor.
(b) Members found violating university policy may be permanently removed as members as determined by a unanimous decision of Officers and Advisors.
ARTICLE IV. THE EXECUTIVE BOARD AND ITS OFFICERS
Section 1. Officers of the Political Union
The Officers of the Political Union shall be the President, the Events Director, the Vice President of Finance (also known as the Treasurer), the Vice President of Public Relations, the Vice President of Recruitment and the Vice President of Membership.
Section 2. Term of Office and Eligibility
Officers must be full-time undergraduate students at Cornell University, and members of the Cornell Political Union. Members shall not be elected to more than one office at a time. Officers shall hold their offices for one year. They shall enter office two weeks after the formal conclusion of all Political Union election processes detailed in Article IV. Officers shall hold office until the formal entry of their successors.
Section 3. Responsibilities of the Executive Board
Executive authority, management and administration of the Political Union shall be vested in an Executive Board responsible to the entire membership to uphold these rules and procedures. The Executive Board shall meet weekly, in camera, to faithfully perform these duties in a process detailed in Art. V Sec. 5.
Section 4. The President
(a) The President shall be responsible for the general administration of the Political Union, subject to the direction of the Executive Board or the General Body, and for primarily representing its message and purpose at Cornell University.
(b) The President shall ensure that Cornell Political Union’s activities and members follow all Cornell University policies.
(c) The President shall secure Cornell Political Union’s registration with Cornell University each year.
(d) The President shall maintain open communication with, and solicit participation from, each officer and faculty/staff advisor.
(e) The President shall organize and run an officer transition and education program for new officers.
(f) Seek out new advisors, if needed, and acquaint him or her with the organization’s history, traditions, and procedures.
(g) The President shall serve as the presiding officer at executive meetings and all Political Union events, public and private.
(h) The President shall, in consultation with the Events Director, decide the motions for debate, allocate speech time during meetings and to the best of his or her ability ensure that traditional event procedure is faithfully executed. The President shall give notice to the Executive Board and the general body of the Political Union’s events schedule throughout the academic year.
(i) When the powers and duties of any office in the Political Union are not held by any other individual, they shall devolve to the President.
Section 5. The Events Director
(a) The Events Director shall be responsible for the formal events calendar during his or her term of office, including but not limited to inviting guest speakers, planning debates and scheduling cooperative events with other individuals, organizations or societies. The Events Director shall only arrange speakers for the events calendar through the process outlined in Art. V Sec. 2(a).
(b) The Events Director shall assist the President in the performance of administrative duties, especially as they may pertain to the Political Union’s events schedule, motions for debate and maintenance of speech time during meetings, and if necessary, preside over meetings in the absence of the President.
(c) To faithfully execute this office, with the consent of the President the Events Director may name any number of Logistics Coordinators to aid in the process of distributing invitations and organizing on-campus events for distinguished guests, including arrangements for their arrival to and departure from Ithaca.
(d) The Events Director shall have the ability to dismiss Logistics Coordinators at any time with the consent of a simple majority of the Executive Board.
(e) The Events Director shall ensure that all the organization’s activities and members follow all Cornell University policies.
Section 6. The Vice President of Finance (Treasurer)
(a) The Treasurer shall be responsible for the Political Union’s finances, including and especially its members’ membership dues, and for the effective management of the Political Union’s fiscal responsibilities to the University and to its other accounts.
(b) The Treasurer shall be responsible for ensuring the timely submission of all required documents and forms required by the Student Activities Funding Commission, and for primarily maintaining cordial relations with its officers.
(c) The Treasurer shall be responsible for the timely reimbursement of members’ and invited guests’ expenses and shall be expected to keep an itemized account of receipts and expenditures by the Political Union. These reports shall be available to other Executive Board members for inspection upon reasonable request.
(d) The Treasurer shall be responsible for raising money for the Political Union, by raising financial sponsorship for its activities and for other commercial opportunities as the President may authorize. To faithfully accomplish this goal, with the consent of the President the Treasurer may name any number of Fundraising Coordinators to specially focus on accomplishing this task effectively.
(e) The Treasurer shall have the ability to dismiss Fundraising Coordinators at any time with the consent of a simple majority of the Executive Board.
(f) The Treasurer shall keep clear records of all of Cornell Political Union’s financial activity
Section 7. The Vice President of Public Relations
(a) The Vice President of Public Relations shall be responsible for the maintenance of the Political Union’s public presence and reputation, including but not limited to: outreach and promotion of Political Union events; the Political Union’s web presence and social media; and any other advertisements or publications for the Political Union’s recruitment events, public debates or other efforts.
(b) To faithfully execute this office, with the consent of the President the Vice President of Public Relations may name any number of assistants, including officially sanctioned photographers; social media coordinators; resolution writers; web editors or any reasonable assistant he or she deems necessary and proper.
(c) The Vice President of Public Relations shall have the ability to dismiss assistants at any time with the consent of a simple majority of the Executive Board.
Section 8. The Vice President of Recruitment
(a) The Vice President of Recruitment shall be responsible for the Political Union’s recruitment and new member integration process, including but not limited to setting the recruitment calendar; planning information sessions or appearances at Cornell University-sanctioned club information fairs; directing the candidate selection process, and ensuring the implementation of a successful new member integration process.
(b) The Vice President of Recruitment shall be primarily responsible for maintaining contact with members seeking selection to the Political Union as well as new members, and for ensuring that any relevant expectations or directives of the Executive Board are made clear to both groups.
(c) To faithfully execute this office, with the consent of the President the Vice President of Recruitment may name no more than six Recruitment Assistants to aid in the process of planning the recruitment calendar and evaluating candidates for selection, among other tasks.
(d) The Vice President of Recruitment shall have the ability to dismiss Recruitment Assistants at any time with the consent of a simple majority of the Executive Board.
Section 9. The Vice President of Membership
(a) The Vice President of Membership shall keep minutes at meetings of the Executive Board, which shall be available to other Executive Board members for inspection upon reasonable request. No corrections shall be made to these notes, except by the Vice President of Membership, and only then with the assent of the Executive Board.
(b) The Vice President of Membership shall be responsible for monitoring the membership status of Political Union members and enforcing attendance policy at all Political Union meetings, including marking absences, excusing members and issuing warnings to members who are delinquent in their attendance at required Political Union events.
(c) The Vice President of Membership shall be responsible for monitoring the recognition of and maintaining contact with recognized caucuses within the Political Union and ensuring that duly elected caucus leadership is responsive to the directives of the Executive Board.
(d) The Vice President of Membership shall be responsible for the maintenance of a written listing of the official membership roll, which shall always be kept up to date by the Vice President of Membership and open to inspection by any member of the Executive Board upon reasonable request.
Section 10. Terms of Service
(a) Both elected and appointed officers shall be responsible for their duties as listed in this constitution.
(b) Each officer shall also establish and maintain a working relationship with the General Membership, Executive Board, and all other officers, advisors, chairs, committees, and staff necessary to perform their duties.
(c) No individual shall hold a specific position as Officer for more than five semesters.
(d) Grounds for the impeachment and removal of Officers
a. Violation of rules and regulations outlined in the Student Code of Conduct.
b. Failure to uphold the provisions of the constitution and bylaws.
(e) Impeachment and Removal of Officers
a. An impeachment hearing to remove an officer of the Executive Board can be called by either a unanimous vote of the Executive Board itself, excluding the officer in question, or by a majority vote of the full membership solicited by a simple majority of the Executive Board. Members shall be given at least one week’s notice through typical channels of communication before such a vote, and while the hearing is noticed and pending all executive privileges of the officer in question are to be immediately revoked upon good cause found by unanimous vote of the Executive Board.
b. Impeachment hearings shall be held before a quorum of the general body to present an explanation or defense for any infractions outlined by the Executive Board. The Executive Board shall notify both the general body and the officer concerned of specific charges and of the time, place and nature of the hearing, which shall be scheduled no earlier than one week following the delivery of this notice.
c. If the impeached officer is found by a two-thirds majority of a quorum of membership to have either a. intentionally taken action contrary to, or to prevent the execution of, a lawful order or determination of the members or the Executive Board, or b. been found guilty of gross neglect of duty or malfeasance, then that officer shall be removed from their position and be forever ineligible for re-election to any position in the Political Union.
d. Only one impeachment process may be raised, commenced or pending against any officer at any given time, and no other impeachment hearing may be noticed or called until the first hearing has ended (e.g., both the vote on impeachment and the votes on all other punishments, if any, have taken place).
ARTICLE V. THE ADVISOR
Section 1. The Advisor
(a) There shall be a member of the Cornell University faculty or staff who shall be selected or retained as a formal advisor by the Executive Board.
(b) The Advisor shall have the responsibility to maintain an awareness of the activities and programs sponsored by the Political Union; to endorse the Political Union’s biannual budgetary request to the Student Activities Funding Commission; to explain and clarify Cornell University policy and procedures that may apply to the Political Union; and to maintain contact with the Student Life Office.
Section 2. Advisor Selection
(a) Any faculty or staff member at Cornell University capable of corresponding with the university in the official and legal matters of the Cornell Political Union.
(b) A majority vote of active members selects Independent organization advisors.
(c) University/Department advisors are assigned by the university/department to oversee an organization.
Section 3. Responsibilities of the Advisor
(a) Attend general body and/or executive board meetings when needed.
(b) Meet regularly with the organization's President to stay updated and serve as a resource
(c) Assist with the annual registration process.
(d) Assist with the funding process
Section 4. Term of service
There is no limit to how long the advisor may hold the position subject to the advisor acting in the organization’s best interests, does not violate any Cornell University Policies rules and/or Student Code of Conduct, and is not engaged in activity jeopardizing the organization's existence.
ARTICLE VI. ELECTIONS
Section 1. Notice and Timing
(a) An election shall be held every year to choose the officers of the Executive Board. The elections are to be held on two meeting dates, on accessible premises and at a time reasonable for the general body, as determined by the executive board. Elections will be held no earlier than April 9 of each year.
(b) The Executive Board is required to give notice to the general body of the date, time and location of the meetings at least fourteen days prior to the date of the first round of elections.
(c) On the first day of elections, the offices for President, Events Director and Vice President of Finance shall be elected. On the second day of elections, the offices for Vice President of Public Relations, Vice President of Recruitment and Vice President of Membership shall be elected.
Section 2. Nominations
(a) Members of the Political Union in good standing may nominate themselves for only one, single office. Fourteen days prior to the election, the Executive Board shall announce the positions open for nomination and solicit letters of intent. The Executive Board shall receive letters of intent from all members wishing to run for any unoccupied posts on the Executive Board up to one week prior to the election, at which time the President shall close nominations and release all letters of intent to the general body. The President shall ensure that all candidates who submitted letters of intent are eligible to serve on the Executive Board prior to authorizing their candidacies.
(b) Letters of intent shall be considered the only formal announcement of candidacy prior to the election. Each candidate shall be entitled to submit one letter of intent, addressing a nomination to a specific office on the Executive Board, of no more than 500 words.
(c) Letters of intent must abide by the Political Union’s standards of decency in conduct, and the President shall have the authority to instruct candidates to submit a new letter of intent or deprive candidates of this privilege if appropriate. No candidate may list in his or her letter, for example, explicit arguments against voting for opponents for the office in question.
(d) Political Union members in good standing who did not submit a letter of intent may still announce their nomination at the appropriate time during election procedure, if the member is otherwise eligible to hold an office on the Executive Board, even if the member in question has already been nominated and lost a position in the same election cycle.
Section 3. Default Election Procedure
(a) The President, or the officer taking his or her place if the President is absent (hereafter referred to simply as the “President”), shall call the Political Union to order and briefly review the election procedures and expectations from members, as outlined in this section and Sec. V.
(b) The President shall then open procedure for the first office open for consideration, beginning with announcing the nominees for office. The nominees for an office shall be the members of the Political Union that submitted their nomination and letter of intent as outlined in Art. IV Sec. 2, above. Regardless of the number of nominees for an office when elections begin, the President shall solicit nominations from the floor, and shall permit any Political Union members in good standing to stand for election alongside other candidates.
(c) The President shall then enter election procedures for that office, pursuant to the following process:
a. The President shall instruct all candidates standing for the office in question to briefly leave the premises.
b. The President, or the officer taking his or her place if the President is running for the office, shall recognize each nominee for such office to address the body for a duration of no longer than four minutes, in the order that their nomination was received.
c. The sitting President shall move the election into a question and answer phase consisting of no more than three questions from the Political Union membership. The President, not the candidate, shall entertain questions from members and each candidate will answer each such question. The President shall then dismiss the candidate and repeat steps b, c and d with the following nominee.
d. After all nominees have been given a chance to speak, the President, ensuring that the nominees have departed the premises, shall open a final round of comments on all nominees. The President shall recognize members of the Political Union to speak for a maximum duration of one minute each, ensuring that no one member speaks twice until every member speaks once who wishes to do so. This period shall last ten minutes.
e. After the comments period ends, the sitting President shall entertain, if any, a motion to open a second round of comments with a structure identical to the structure of the first round. If the motion to enter a second round of comments is defeated, the vote shall be called. If the motion carries, another ten-minute period of comments shall begin. The membership may move for two such extensions before a vote shall be called.
f. When the vote is called, it shall be counted by secret ballot. The winner of an office shall be the nominee that receives over half of the ballots cast. If no nominee receives over half of the ballots cast in the first round of voting, a second round of votes will be taken to select between the two candidates with the highest number of votes during the first round. In such a case, nominees not qualifying for the second round shall not have the opportunity to vote. The President will entertain no comments between the first and second rounds of the election.
g. Only Political Union members in good standing, present in the room throughout the process for the office in question and physically present during the call for ballots, may vote. The vote of the sitting President shall break all ties in election procedure.
i. No member not in correct financial standing according to the semester dues set by the Vice President of Finance shall be permitted to hold office for executive board or caucus leadership nor be able to vote in executive board elections
(d) After the election of a nominee to an office of the Executive Board, the President shall announce the victor and proceed to the next open position on the docket, if any.
(e) Candidates running unopposed for office shall be subject instead to a motion of confidence, in which members shall vote by simple majority to affirm or deny their confident support in the candidate’s ability to faithfully serve the Executive Board. All other normal election procedures shall be followed in this case.
(f) Unopposed candidates may, in the absence of opposition, be confirmed through unanimous consent. A member may move for unanimous consent after nominations for the position in question are announced. The President shall solicit objections– in their absence the candidate shall be confirmed. In the presence of objections, the procedure shall defer to Art. VI Sec. 3(e).
(g) A member of the Union shall be eligible to cast an absentee ballot under the following circumstances:
a. He or she is otherwise eligible to cast a ballot including maintaining regular attendance, good financial standing, &c. pursuant to Art. IV Sec. 6;
b. He or she has a previously scheduled University exercise, such as an examination, family emergency (such as illness or death), medical emergency (regular illnesses such as cold and influenza are excluded), or valid religious holiday, or;
c. He or she has an immovable government obligation such as jury duty or military exercises;
d. Conflicting extracurricular commitments do not provide a basis to vote absentee;
e. Excuses must be submitted 48 hours in advance of elections, complete with documentary evidence;
f. The member in question must regularly reside in Ithaca;
g. The member has made good faith attempts to solicit information from all campaigns regarding their platforms;
h. In the case that subclauses A-G are met, the Executive Board shall approve the request by majority vote and issue an absentee ballot.
Section 4. Conduct During the Election
(a) The deliberations within the room are intended to be secret. Any member infringing on the secrecy of the ballot or the deliberations shall be liable to a formal censure, barring him or her from offering comments during deliberations, inflicted by the Executive Board. At no point do members, ex-members or non-members have the liberty to divulge any information to any other members, ex-members or non-members about comments offered in the confidence of electoral deliberations.
(b) The President shall be responsible for preserving good order in the room in which deliberations are being held. Members speaking out of turn, communicating with any persons not present, or otherwise impeding the rules and procedures of the Political Union’s elections may be similarly censured.
(c) Nothing in (a) or (b) shall be held to prevent any member from informing others of the way he or she has voted after he or she has left deliberations.
(d) All speeches, including those from candidates and from members during deliberations, may not be used to intentionally assail the character of another member, current or past, or to deliver remarks of an entirely personal and unprofessional nature. The President may initiate a censure upon any member found to have violated this standard of behavior under (b).
Section 5. Vacancies
(a)Any officer of the Executive Board wishing to resign shall do so by writing, simultaneously, to all other members of the Executive Board.
(b) If any vacancies occur on the Executive Board by reason of the death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, or removal from office of any officer, or if any new officer positions are created, all the members then in office, although less than a quorum, may by majority vote choose a temporary successor or successors or fill the newly created position. These acting officers shall hold office until their successors are duly elected by the general body. In the case of a vacancy arising in the office of President, the Events Director shall become Acting President and shall exercise all the powers and fulfill all the duties of the President until an election to fill the position has been completed.
(c) In case of a vacancy arising, the Executive Board shall immediately arrange to open election procedure for that office through normal procedure, taking haste but still acknowledging the rules on notice and timing outlined in Art. VI Sec. 1. In the case of a vacancy arising during ongoing election procedure, the Executive Board may immediately call for a special election for that position given that it would also meet these requirements.
Section 6. Eligibility
(a) A member of the Cornell Political Union shall be eligible to vote in elections if, as of at least two weeks prior to elections:
a. He or she remains in good financial standing as reported by the Vice President of Finance;
i. Any member not able to pay his or her due monies shall be granted an exemption if:
1. He or she has presented proof of his or her inability to pay to the Vice President of Finance at least two weeks before elections and;
2. A simple majority of the Executive Board approves the exemption.
ii. The Vice President of Finance shall present to the Executive Board, at least two weeks prior to elections, a list of members who have not paid their dues.
b. He or she has maintained regular attendance as reported by the Vice President of Membership;
c. He or she attends the full speech and deliberation period of the office for which he will cast a ballot;
d. He or she has not been disqualified by the Executive Board in accordance with Art. VI Sec. 6(b).
(b) A member may be disenfranchised by a two-thirds vote of the Executive Board if:
a. He or she has been censured for previous inappropriate conduct during previous elections, or;
b. He or she has engaged in inappropriate conduct during the current election.
c. In the event that a member’s eligibility is in doubt, a Caucus chairman or unaffiliated member may challenge his or her franchise, thus:
i. The Vice Presidents of Finance and Membership shall review the member’s eligibility, make public his or her attendance record, and provide the challenging member his or her financial status;
ii. If the member is found deficient in either category, he or she shall be disenfranchised;
iii. If the member is shown to be compliant in both categories, the Caucus chair shall lose his or her ability to challenge other members’ eligibility;
iv. The Executive Board must settle all eligibility challenges before speeches commence.
(c) The Vice President of Membership shall publish, two weeks prior to elections, a list of all eligible voters. After which, if an individual requests his or her respective attendance record for verification, it must be provided within 48 hours of the receipt of said request.
Section 7. Tabulation
(a) Not more than 48 hours following elections, the Vice President of Membership shall publish a list of members in attendance at elections.
(b) Elections shall be conducted by paper ballot.
(c) Ballots shall be tabulated by the President and outgoing members of the Executive Board who are not running for an office on the current day of elections.
a. Executive Board officers of at least two caucuses must be present and participate in counting ballots, however;
b. In the event that no Executive Board officers are eligible pursuant to (b)(a), the highest-ranking Caucus officers in attendance may assist in counting.
(d) Ballots shall be counted in plain view of the assembled membership.
Section 8. Officer Transitions
(a) Each officer shall maintain a record of their position, including budgets and activities of the office, to provide to incoming officers following elections.
(b) Outgoing officers shall also make every effort to assist in the transition process, including helping to ensure that incoming officers are aware of their responsibilities.
ARTICLE VII. MEETINGS AND MOTIONS
Section 1. General Provisions and Rules of Order
(a) The Executive Board shall hold meetings throughout the term, taking care to schedule events at consistent times and in consistent locations reasonably accessible to most members.
(b) The Executive Board shall hold, among other possible events, traditional debate motions featuring guest speakers; debate motions within the Political Union’s general membership; general body meetings to discuss Political Union business and update the general membership on important developments pertaining to the Political Union; and Executive Board meetings to conduct administrative business.
(c) No expressions of a personal or offensive nature shall be used at any meeting of the Political Union. The President may call on any member to explain any expression that a member has used; such explanation shall be received without question as to the speaker’s intention, but if unsatisfied the President may call upon the member concerned to withdraw and/or apologize for the remark, and the member concerned shall immediately and without question submit to the authority of the President.
(d) The Executive Board shall set reasonable and consistent standards of professional dress and conduct at meetings of the Political Union.
Section 2. Traditional Debate Format
(a) The Events Director shall, in consultation with the President and with the consent of the Executive Board, invite distinguished guests to the Political Union to address the body. These speakers shall be initially identified by the Events Director, in consultation with the President and the consent of the Executive Board, which shall approve any such speakers through a simple majority. The President then shall direct the Events Director to issue a formal invitation and standardized speaking contract to that such speaker. At no time may the President or Events Director issue formal invitations, speaking contracts or any similar symbolic substitute without the express consent of the Executive Board.
(b) The President shall, in consultation with the Events Director and with the consent of the Executive Board, set the motion for debate well in advance of the event itself. Debate motions shall accurately reflect the views and intended subject matter of the speaker’s address. Debate motions shall be offered as resolutions, e.g. Resolved: Oranges are preferable to apples.
(c) All traditional-format motions shall be open to the public, and attendance for Political Union members shall be mandatory.
(d) Events in the traditional format shall proceed as follows:
a. Introduction. The President shall call the Political Union to order and introduce any outstanding business relevant to the general body. He or she shall then permit the Events Director to introduce the evening’s speaker, who shall then be given the floor.
b. Proposition speech. The guest speaker shall introduce the evening’s motion and deliver a speech of no more than thirty minutes arguing for his or her perspective on the issue of the evening. The speaker is expected to take an intentional stand on one side of the issue, even if he or she credits the opposition.
c. Questions. The speaker shall take no more than ten minutes of questions from the audience. When the time has elapsed, the guest speaker rests.
d. Prepared remarks. Prior to the debate, the President may open the speakers’ docket to any Political Union member that wishes to offer prepared remarks in favor of or in opposition to that evening’s motion. Each member shall be allocated no more than four minutes to offer remarks, and the President shall entertain no more than six docketed speakers per motion.
e. Parliamentary-style comment period. After the docketed speakers’ list is exhausted, the President shall open the ad-hoc speakers’ list to anyone in attendance wishing to argue the motion. Members shall be allocated no more than two minutes to speak each time they are given the floor and shall be added to the speakers’ list on a rolling basis as the debate continues by indicating to the President their desire to speak. This period shall be open until the debate concludes one and a half hours after the President initially called the meeting to order.
f. Voting. All Political Union members present at the debate shall be permitted to vote on the motion by secret ballot. Votes shall be counted by the Events Director and the Executive Board. The President shall then announce the result and dismiss the general body.
Section 3. Open Motion Debate Format
(a) The President shall, in consultation with the Events Director and with the consent of the Executive Board, set a motion for the consideration of the general body. The Executive Board shall announce the motion for debate well in advance of the event itself. Debate motions shall be offered as resolutions, e.g. Resolved: Oranges are preferable to apples.
(b) All open-format motions shall be closed to the public, and attendance for Political Union members shall not be mandatory. The President and Executive Board may, at their discretion, permit participants and audience members from other organizations or societies to join the event at their discretion.
(c) Open motions shall feature two opposing sides, a proposition and an opposition, each with an equal number of Political Union members per side (typically two or three), debating one motion per event. Prior to the debate, the President shall open the sides to any Political Union member that wishes to offer prepared remarks in favor of or in opposition to that evening’s motion.
(d) Events in the open motion format shall proceed as follows:
a. Introduction. The President shall call the Political Union to order and introduce any outstanding business relevant to the general body. He or she shall then introduce the evening’s motion and the evening’s speakers, who shall then be given the floor.
b. Opening Debate. The speakers speak in turns, beginning with the proposition. Each speaker shall speak but once and with no more than five minutes on the floor, establishing cases relevant to the motion. When all speakers have exhausted their time, both sides rest.
c. Parliamentary-style comment period. The President shall then open the ad-hoc speakers’ list to anyone in attendance wishing to argue the motion. Members shall be allocated no more than two minutes to speak each time they are given the floor and shall be added to the speakers’ list on a rolling basis as the debate continues by indicating to the President their desire to speak. This period shall be open until the debate concludes one and a half hours after the President initially called the meeting to order.
d. Voting. All Political Union members present at the debate shall be permitted to vote on the motion by secret ballot. Votes shall be counted by the Events Director and the Executive Board. The President shall then announce the result and dismiss the general body.
Section 4. General Body Meetings
(a) The President shall call general body meetings several times per semester to update the full membership of the Political Union on the activities of the Executive Board and upcoming or important developments related to the Political Union on campus.
(b) The President shall call general body meetings, when appropriate, to undergo the election procedure outlined in Art. IV.
(c) All general body meetings shall be closed to the public, and attendance shall be mandatory for Political Union members.
Section 5. Executive Meetings
(a) The President shall summon an ordinary meeting of the Executive Board at least once a week in term, taking care to schedule such meetings at consistent times and in consistent locations reasonably accessible to all members of the Executive Board. Meetings of the Executive Board are held in camera and no person who is not an officer of the Political Union may attend any meeting unless expressly so invited. There shall be a quorum of four members of the Executive Board, or six should the Executive Board be considering motions regarding the status of incoming, current or ex-members of the Political Union or if they are considering a motion of impeachment against any officer of the Executive Board.
(b) Executive Board parliamentary procedure and rules of order shall be governed by Robert’s Rules of Order, 10th Edition (the “Rules”), as applied to deliberative assemblies. However, by a two-thirds vote of the Executive Board, such Rules may be temporarily suspended to allow alternate procedures where it is determined that such temporary suspension is necessary to permit accelerated or detailed discussion without formality. No such temporary suspension of the Rules shall continue from meeting to meeting, from session to session, or from agenda item to agenda item, and such suspension of the Rules may be terminated by a one-third plus one vote of the board.
(c) The President and Vice President of Membership shall also have the authority to call executive meetings with any duly elected caucus officers, either on a regular basis or ad-hoc, given that necessary measures have been taken to schedule events at reasonable times and locations accessible to the relevant caucus officers. Caucus officers shall be expected to attend these meetings
Section 6. Special Meetings
(a) The President shall have the authority to call special or extraordinary debate events of any description, provided that these events are consistent with the spirit of the Political Union and faithful to the rules and procedures outlined in Art. V Sec. 1. These events may include any variety of formats, such as panel discussions, debates on Political Union business, guest addresses with no debate procedure or exercises in intellectual creativity.
(b) The President shall also have the responsibility of ensuring substantial debate on any amendments to these bylaws, and in properly educating the general body on the purpose of any and all changes well before changes are voted on by the Executive Board. It shall be appropriate for the President to call special meetings for no other purpose than to discuss changes to the Political Union’s rules and procedures with the general body.
(c) It shall be generally but not essentially inappropriate to mandate attendance at meetings of this character.
ARTICLE VIII. CAUCUSES
Section 1. General Provisions
(a) The Executive Board shall have the discretion of formally registering a select group of political groups, known as caucuses, within the Political Union at the beginning of each term. Caucuses shall be recognized only if they meet all the requirements described in this article.
(b) Any caucus petitioning for recognition that fails to meet the requirements set forth in this article may have their application denied or their group placed on probation, during which period the Executive Board shall provide guidance to duly elected caucus leadership, if any, to assist them in meeting such requirements.
(c) If, after one semester of probation, a caucus is unable to meet the requirements set by this article, the Executive Board shall dissolve the caucus pending a future petition.
(d) Each Caucus shall write and publish a Constitution for its respective organization. These Constitutions shall be made available to the membership of the Caucus and to the Executive Board of the Political Union. A Caucus may amend its Constitution only with the approval of the Executive Board. Caucus Constitutions must be written by the Caucus Leadership, ratified by a majority of the Caucus’ membership, and ratified by a simple majority of the Executive Board of the Political Union.
Section 2. Caucus Activities and Responsibilities to the Political Union
(a) No caucus shall engage in any activity that endangers the status of the Political Union as a nonpartisan forum, as an organization recognized by the Student Activities Funding Commission, or the CPU Foundation’s status as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit entity.
(b) The Executive Board shall endeavor to grant caucus leaders a reasonable latitude to conduct caucus business independently. However, all caucuses are subject to the complete and final authority of the Executive Board, which may reverse the decisions of caucus leadership and implement reasonable rules and restrictions as it deems appropriate. The Executive Board shall also have the discretion, only with a unanimous decision, to summarily dissolve a caucus or dismiss its leadership should it behave in a way that is liable to bring the Political Union into disrepute.
Section 3. Caucus Leadership and Elections
(a) Each caucus shall elect a Chair, who shall have oversight over all official operations of the caucus, preside over caucus executive meetings, and bear primary responsibility for compliance with caucus recognition requirements and the planning of caucus events. The Chair shall make him or herself reasonably available to the Executive Board and faithfully serve as an emissary between the caucus’s general membership and the Political Union senior leadership.
a. A Caucus Chair will forfeit his or her office through any of the following actions:
i. Acting in a manner detrimental to the image, reputation, or interests of the Political Union;
ii. Leaving Ithaca through study abroad, Cornell in Washington, or any other program or situation that will leave him or her outside of the Ithaca area for a semester or more.
(b) Each caucus shall elect a Vice Chair, who shall have the responsibility of keeping an itemized account of all receipts and expenditures of the caucus and make financial reports as directed, as well as any and all duties assigned by the duly elected Chair.
(c) Each caucus shall elect a Secretary, who shall have the responsibility of maintaining the caucus’s member roster as well as assisting the chair or vice chair as necessary. Caucus Secretaries shall ensure that the Executive Board has access to the caucus roster and is apprised in a timely fashion of any and all changes to the roster.standin
(d) Each caucus shall hold elections for these three through self-appointed procedure with a quorum of the caucus membership, to be certified by the Executive Board. At any time, the Executive Board may audit the electoral procedure of any caucus, or request to operate the elections itself, in cases of likely substantial unfairness in its procedure. Caucuses shall faithfully strive to maintain normalcy in their elections, including by but not limited to ensuring access to the ballot; filling vacancies; maintaining reasonable standards of conduct; and so on.
(e) Caucuses may at any time choose to select different styling for their officers’ titles, including the Chair, Vice Chair and Secretary. The Executive Board shall recognize these titles as proper, should they not be liable to bring the Political Union into disrepute.
Section 4. Petitioning for Recognition
(a) Any group of members in good standing that wish to form a caucus must submit a petition for recognition to the President and the Vice President of Membership of the Union during the academic semester. The Executive Board shall maintain the discretion to entertain caucus petitions at any point throughout the academic year. A caucus petition shall be entertained by the Executive Board if a simple majority of the Board is in favor of considering the caucus’ recognition.
(b) A caucus petition must bear the signatures of no fewer than one tenth of the members of the Cornell Political Union’s general body of the previous semester. The petition must explicitly express the intention of its signatories to affiliate with the petitioning caucus immediately after recognition. Should a member sign more than one application in a single semester, only the first petition’s signature shall be verified by the Executive Board. Members may remain affiliated with another caucus, if any, until such a time as the President shall certify that the new caucus has been recognized.
(c) In addition to a valid petition, caucuses seeking recognition must furnish the following to the Executive Board:
a. A charter or manifesto, providing a general description of the political ideology of the petitioning caucus;
b. A list of initial officers, with a designated Chair, Vice Chair and Secretary. No person shall simultaneously serve as an elected member of the Executive Board of the Political Union and as a caucus Chair, Vice Chair or Secretary.
(d) The President shall publicly announce receipt of any completed petitions within 48 hours of submission, including the names of those members intending to affiliate with the new caucus and its official leadership. Within one week of receiving the petition, the President shall verify each signature and publicly announce if the petitioning caucus meets the requirements outlined in 4(c). Upon confirming that these requirements have been met, the new caucus shall be recognized subject to a simple majority vote of the Executive Board. If the caucus is recognized by the Executive Board, the Board shall update all records necessary to assign petitioning members to the new caucus’ affiliation. If the caucus fails to be recognized by the Executive Board, the signatories may again petition for recognition the following semester.
Section 5. Renewal of Recognition and Probationary Procedure
(a) A caucus shall be unconditionally permitted to renew recognition with the Executive Board provided it has met the following requirements:
a. Has held at least three events open only to its members in the previous term, each attended by at least one half of the caucus’s total membership;
b. Maintains a roster at least ten percent of the size of the Political Union’s total membership in the previous term, according to Art. II Sec. 1c;
c. Has duly elected its officers through legitimate procedure;
d. Has no outstanding financial obligations to the Political Union.
(b) Should a caucus meet all enumerated criteria for renewal of recognition, the Executive Board shall not require any further action from the caucus to remain in good standing at the start of the following term.
(c) Should a caucus’s total membership fall under ten percent of the Political Union’s total membership at the end of a term, the Executive Board shall indicate to its leadership that the caucus has been put under probation. Should a caucus begin a semester on probation, it shall be required to submit a petition to the Executive Board for renewal of recognition. This petition shall remain open for the extent of the term until such time as the membership rises to at least ten percent of the Political Union total membership, after which its probationary period shall immediately end, and the Executive Board shall formally restore recognition.
(d) Should a caucus fail to meet any other enumerated requirements for recognition in section 5(a), the Executive Board shall indicate to its leadership that the caucus has been put under probation and establish a reasonable timeline for the resolution of such issues. At such time as the caucus properly meets the expectations of the Executive Board, they shall be immediately restored to recognition.
(e) The Executive Board shall have the authority to summarily dissolve any caucus found to be obstinate or otherwise unwilling to regularly meet these requirements, following repeated warnings and notice of this clause’s rules and guidelines.
(f) A caucus that is on probation at the end of a term shall be summarily dissolved by the Executive Board.
Section 6. Caucus Membership
(a) Caucuses shall be permitted to accept members at any time, and to impose reasonable membership requirements independent of those of the Political Union, provided that these requirements are not unlawful, in violation of Cornell University policy, or in conflict with the stated values of the Political Union. Unacceptable requirements may include, but are not limited to, discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, gender expression, age, national origin, disability or sexual orientation.
(b) The Executive Board shall set a date before which new members of the Political Union are unpermitted to affiliate with any caucus, and a date after which new caucus members shall not be formally recognized for the purposes of scoring in the Caucus Cup. The Executive Board shall notify all members of the general body of these dates.
(c) Members shall be permitted to join any caucus regardless of probationary status if they meet the membership requirements of the caucus and formally submit a petition to the President and Vice President of Membership consistent with the membership list of the caucus Secretary. The appellant shall not be recognized as a caucus member until the Executive Board receives notice that the member has been formally added to the caucus roster.
(d) Members shall be permitted to disaffiliate from a caucus at any time, for any reason.
(e) No member shall be permitted to affiliate with more than one caucus at any time.
Section 7. Caucus Funding Guidelines
(a) The Executive Board shall provide a funding allocation to each recognized caucus to support caucus events. The amount of this allocation shall be set at the discretion of the Vice President of Finance. Caucuses shall document purchases made with funds allocated by the Political Union, and forfeit any money not spent at the end of the term to the Vice President of Finance.
(b) A caucus may submit a written request for additional funds to the Executive Board. Such a request shall state a specific figure for request and provide a detailed description of the purchases to be made with the requested funds. This request shall be granted or rejected on the discretion of the Vice President of Finance.
(c) Caucuses that misrepresent or misuse Political Union funds, or that otherwise violate this article, shall be subject to probation or summary dissolution by the Executive Board.
Section 8. Dissolution
(a) A Caucus of the Cornell Political Union may dissolve with the permission of the Executive Board, which shall recognize such a dissolution under the following circumstances:
a. The Chair and Vice Chair of the Caucus vote to dissolve, and;
b. Two-thirds of the Caucus’ membership votes to dissolve.
(b) If this procedure is not followed by the dissolving Caucus, Sec. 4(d) shall be belayed, and the Executive Board shall not reassign members of the dissolving Caucus to their new Caucus.
(c) If the procedure is not accurately followed, dissolving Caucuses forfeit any right to reimbursement under Art. VI Sec. 7 for any expenses previously incurred.
ARTICLE VX. AMENDMENTS
Section 1. Registration Process
This constitution shall become effective once uploaded to CampusGroups during the annual re-registration process.
Section 2. Power to Amend
The Executive Board shall have the power to amend, repeal or adopt by-laws at any special meeting of the Political Union, but no change or amendment may conflict with the provisions of these bylaws, nor may they be reconsidered if expressly rejected or repealed by the Executive Board.
Section 3. Notice
No amendment to these bylaws shall be moved unless at least thirty-six hours’ notice thereof has been given to the general body of the Political Union, and the full text made available.
Section 4. Selection
Amendments may only be proposed by duly elected members of the Executive Board and may only be implemented by a two-thirds vote of the Executive Board at a public meeting.
Section 5. Ratification Process
(a) The constitution on file in CampusGroups is uploaded annually during the re-registration process and is valid until amendments are made
(b) Any changes to the constitution must be shared with Campus Activities as a revised constitution for review.